Which of the following best describes the role of a transformer?

The role of a transformer is to step up or step down voltage levels in an electrical circuit. This device works on the principle of electromagnetic induction and is crucial for efficiently transferring electrical energy between circuits at different voltage levels. In practical terms, a transformer can increase voltage to transmit power over long distances, reducing energy loss due to heat in the conductors. Conversely, it can also decrease voltage for safe use in residential and commercial applications.

Understanding the function of a transformer is essential in electrical engineering and power distribution, as it allows for the safe and efficient delivery of electricity. Transforming voltage levels ensures that electrical equipment is compatible with the available electricity supply, optimizing performance and safety.