Which frequency is likely to experience higher loss in coaxial cable transmission lines?

The frequency of 1 GHz is likely to experience higher loss in coaxial cable transmission lines primarily due to the increased attenuation that occurs at higher frequencies. As frequency increases, the dielectric losses and skin effect in the conductor contribute more significantly to the signal loss.

In coaxial cables, the signal travels through the dielectric material and along the surface of the conductor. At higher frequencies, the skin effect causes the current to travel predominantly at the surface of the conductor, which increases resistance and leads to higher attenuation. Sensors and amplification systems in telecommunications also become more sensitive to these losses at higher frequencies.

Although frequencies such as 500 MHz and 2 GHz are also affected by these factors, 1 GHz sits at a point where the loss mechanisms are highly pronounced without being at the extreme ranges of 2 GHz, where losses can be expected to continue increasing but not necessarily at the rate of decline seen between the other frequencies mentioned. This transition reinforces why 1 GHz is often cited as a critical point where coaxial cable efficiency diminishes more noticeably compared to lower frequencies.